http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/11:1
http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/11:1
لتكملة قراءة التفسير ادخل الى: http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/11:1 11
Hud
Hood
Ibn Kathir - English
Verse
1
Page 221
Surah Hud made the Prophet's Hair turn Gray
Abu
`Isa At-Tirmidhi recorded from Ibn `Abbas that Abu Bakr said, "O
Messenger of Allah, verily your hair has turned gray.'' The Prophet
replied,
« شَيَّبَتْنِي هُودٌ وَالْوَاقِعَةُ وَالْمُرْسَلَاتُ وَعَمَّ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ وَإِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَت »
(Surahs
Hud, Al-Waqi`ah, Al-Mursalat, `Amma Yatasa'lun (An-Naba') and
Idhash-Shamsu Kuwwirat (At-Takwir) have turned my hair gray.) In another
narration he said,
« هُودٌ وَأَخَوَاتُهَا »
(Surah Hud and its sisters...)
﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
﴿ الٓرۚ كِتَـٰبٌ أُحۡكِمَتۡ ءَايَـٰتُهُ ۥ ثُمَّ فُصِّلَتۡ مِن لَّدُنۡ حَكِيمٍ خَبِيرٍ • أَلَّا تَعۡبُدُوٓاْ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّنِى لَكُم مِّنۡهُ نَذِيرٌ۬ وَبَشِيرٌ۬ •
وَأَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمۡ ثُمَّ تُوبُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِ يُمَتِّعۡكُم
مَّتَـٰعًا حَسَنًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ۬ مُّسَمًّ۬ى وَيُؤۡتِ كُلَّ ذِى فَضۡلٍ۬
فَضۡلَهُ ۥۖ وَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَإِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ عَذَابَ
يَوۡمٍ۬ كَبِيرٍ • إِلَى ٱللَّهِ مَرۡجِعُكُمۡۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدِيرٌ ﴾
(1.
Alif Lam Ra. (This is) a Book, the Ayat whereof are perfect (in every
sphere of knowledge), and then explained in detail from One (Allah), Who
is All-Wise Well-Acquainted (with all things).) (2. (Saying) worship
none but Allah. Verily, I (Muhammad) am unto you from Him a warner and a
bringer of glad tidings.) (3. And (commanding you): "Seek the
forgiveness of your Lord, and turn to Him in repentance, that He may
grant you good enjoyment, for a term appointed, and bestow His abounding
grace to every owner of grace. But if you turn away, then I fear for
you the torment of a Great Day.) (4. To Allah is your return, and He is
able to do all things.'')
The Qur'an and its Call to (worship) Allah Alone
A
discussion concerning the letters of the alphabet (which appear at the
beginning of some chapters of the Qur'an) has already preceded at the
beginning of Surat Al-Baqarah. That discussion is sufficient without any
need for repetition here. Concerning Allah's statement,
﴿ أُحۡكِمَتۡ ءَايَـٰتُهُ ۥ ثُمَّ فُصِّلَتۡ ﴾
(The
Ayat whereof are perfect and then explained in detail) This means
perfect in its wording, detailed in its meaning. Thus, it is complete in
its form and its meaning. This interpretation was reported from Mujahid
and Qatadah, and Ibn Jarir (At-Tabari) preferred it. Concerning the
meaning of Allah's statement,
﴿ مِن لَّدُنۡ حَكِيمٍ خَبِيرٍ ﴾
(from
One (Allah), Who is All-Wise, Well-Acquainted.) This means that it (the
Qur'an) is from Allah, Who is Most Wise in His statements and His Laws,
and Most Aware of the final outcome of matters.
﴿ أَلَّا تَعۡبُدُوٓاْ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَۚ ﴾
((Saying)
worship none but Allah.) This means that this Qur'an descended, perfect
and detailed, with the purpose of Allah's worship alone, without any
partners. This is similar to the statement of Allah, the Exalted,
﴿ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا نُوحِىٓ إِلَيۡهِ أَنَّهُ ۥ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّآ أَنَا۟ فَٱعۡبُدُونِ ﴾
(And
We did not send any Messenger before you but We revealed to him
(saying): There is no God but I, so worship Me.) (21:25) It is similar
to Allah's statement,
﴿ وَلَقَدۡ بَعَثۡنَا فِى ڪُلِّ أُمَّةٍ۬ رَّسُولاً أَنِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱجۡتَنِبُواْ ٱلطَّـٰغُوتَۖ ﴾
(And
verily, We have sent among every Ummah a Messenger (proclaiming):
`Worship Allah (Alone), and avoid Taghut (calling false
deities.)')(16:36) In reference to Allah's statement,
﴿ إِنَّنِى لَكُم مِّنۡهُ نَذِيرٌ۬ وَبَشِيرٌ۬ ﴾
(Verily,
I am unto you from Him a warner and a bringer of glad tidings.) This
means, "Verily, I am unto you a warner of the punishment if you oppose
Him (Allah), and a bringer of the good news of reward if you obey Him.''
This meaning has been recorded in the authentic Hadith which states
that the Messenger of Allah ascended mount As-Safa and called out to his
near relatives of the Quraysh tribe. When they gathered around him, he
said,
« يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ أَنَّ خَيْلًا تُصَبِّحُكُمْ أَلَسْتُمْ مُصَدِّقِيَّ؟ »
(O
people of Quraysh, if I informed you that a cavalry was going to attack
you in the morning, would you not believe me) They replied, "We have
not found you to be a liar.'' He said,
« فَإِنِّي نَذِيرٌ لَكُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَي عَذَابٍ شَدِيد »
(Verily I am a warner unto you before a severe punishment.) Concerning His statement,
﴿
وَأَنِ ٱسۡتَغۡفِرُواْ رَبَّكُمۡ ثُمَّ تُوبُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِ يُمَتِّعۡكُم
مَّتَـٰعًا حَسَنًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ۬ مُّسَمًّ۬ى وَيُؤۡتِ كُلَّ ذِى فَضۡلٍ۬
فَضۡلَهُ ۥۖ ﴾
(And
(commanding you): `Seek the forgiveness of your Lord, and turn to Him
in repentance, that He may grant you good enjoyment, for a term
appointed, and bestow His abounding grace to every owner of grace.) This
means, "I am commanding you to seek forgiveness from previous sins and
to turn to Allah from future sins, and thereafter you abide by that.''
﴿ يُمَتِّعۡكُم مَّتَـٰعًا حَسَنًا ﴾
(that He may grant you good enjoyment,) This is in reference to this worldly life.
﴿ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ۬ مُّسَمًّ۬ى وَيُؤۡتِ كُلَّ ذِى فَضۡلٍ۬ فَضۡلَهُ ۥۖ ﴾
(for
a term appointed, and bestow His abounding grace to every owner of
grace.) This refers to the Hereafter, according to Qatadah. "This is
like the statement of Allah,
﴿ مَنۡ عَمِلَ صَـٰلِحً۬ا مِّن ذَڪَرٍ أَوۡ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤۡمِنٌ۬ فَلَنُحۡيِيَنَّهُ ۥ حَيَوٰةً۬ طَيِّبَةً۬ۖ ﴾
(Whoever
works righteousness -- whether male or female -- while a true believer,
verily to him We will give a good life.) (16:97) Concerning Allah's
statement,
﴿ وَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَإِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ عَذَابَ يَوۡمٍ۬ كَبِيرٍ ﴾
(But
if you turn away, then I fear for you the torment of a Great Day.) This
is a severe threat for whoever turns away from the commandments of
Allah, the Exalted, and rejects His Messengers. Verily, the punishment
will afflict such a person on the Day of Resurrection and there will be
no escape from it.
﴿ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ مَرۡجِعُكُمۡۖ ﴾
(To Allah is your return,) This is means your return on the Day of Judgment.
﴿ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدِيرٌ ﴾
(and
He is able to do all things.) This means that He is capable of doing
whatever He wishes, whether it be goodness towards His Awliya' (friends
and allies), or vengeance upon His enemies. This also includes His
ability to repeat the creation of His creatures on the Day of
Resurrection. This section encourages fear, just as the previous section
encourages hope.
﴿
أَلَآ إِنَّہُمۡ يَثۡنُونَ صُدُورَهُمۡ لِيَسۡتَخۡفُواْ مِنۡهُۚ أَلَا
حِينَ يَسۡتَغۡشُونَ ثِيَابَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا
يُعۡلِنُونَۚ إِنَّهُ ۥ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ﴾
(5.
No doubt! They did fold up their breasts, that they may hide from Him.
Surely, even when they cover themselves with their garments, He knows
what they conceal and what they reveal. Verily, He is the All-Knower of
the (innermost secrets) of the breasts.)
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