http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/5:1
http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/5:1
ملحوظة: لتكملة التفسير ادخل الموقع هذا: http://www.recitequran.com/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/5:1
- Tafsir
5
Al-Ma'idah
The Table Spread
Ibn Kathir - English
Verse
1
Page 106
The Virtues of Surat Al-Ma'idah; When It was Revealed
At-Tirmidhi
recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr said, "The last Surahs to be revealed
were Surat Al-Ma'idah and Surat Al-Fath (chapter 48).'' At-Tirmidhi
commented, "This Hadith is Hasan, Gharib.'' and it was also reported
that Ibn `Abbas said that the last Surah to be revealed was,
﴿ إِذَا جَآءَ نَصۡرُ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡفَتۡحُ ﴾
(When
there comes the help of Allah and the Conquest,) Al-Hakim collected a
narration similar to that of At-Tirmidhi in his Mustadrak, and he said,
"It is Sahih according to the criteria of the Two Shaykhs and they did
not record it.'' Al-Hakim narrated that Jubayr bin Nufayr said, "I
performed Hajj once and visited `A'ishah and she said to me, `O Jubayr!
Do you read (or memorize) Al-Ma'idah ' I answered `Yes.' She said, `It
was the last Surah to be revealed. Therefore, whatever permissible
matters you find in it, then consider (treat) them permissible. And
whatever impermissible matters you find in it, then consider (treat)
them impermissible.''' Al-Hakim said, "It is Sahih according to the
criteria of the Two Shaykhs and they did not record it. '' Imam Ahmad
recorded that `Abdur-Rahman bin Mahdi related that Mu`awiyah bin Salih
added this statement in the last Hadith, "I (Jubayr) also asked `A'ishah
about the Messenger of Allah's conduct and she answered by saying, `The
Qur'an.''' An-Nasa'i also recorded it.
﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾
﴿
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَوۡفُواْ بِٱلۡعُقُودِۚ أُحِلَّتۡ
لَكُم بَہِيمَةُ ٱلۡأَنۡعَـٰمِ إِلَّا مَا يُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ غَيۡرَ
مُحِلِّى ٱلصَّيۡدِ وَأَنتُمۡ حُرُمٌۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحۡكُمُ مَا يُرِيدُ
• يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
لَا تُحِلُّواْ شَعَـٰٓٮِٕرَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا ٱلشَّہۡرَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ وَلَا
ٱلۡهَدۡىَ وَلَا ٱلۡقَلَـٰٓٮِٕدَ وَلَآ ءَآمِّينَ ٱلۡبَيۡتَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ
يَبۡتَغُونَ فَضۡلاً۬ مِّن رَّبِّہِمۡ وَرِضۡوَٲنً۬اۚ وَإِذَا حَلَلۡتُمۡ
فَٱصۡطَادُواْۚ وَلَا يَجۡرِمَنَّكُمۡ شَنَـَٔانُ قَوۡمٍ أَن صَدُّوڪُمۡ
عَنِ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِ أَن تَعۡتَدُواْۘ وَتَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى
ٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَلَا تَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى ٱلۡإِثۡمِ
وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٲنِۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ﴾
(In
the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.) (1. O you who
believe! Fulfill (your) obligations. Lawful to you (for food) are all
the beasts of cattle except that which will be announced to you
(herein), game (also) being unlawful when you assume Ihram. Verily,
Allah commands that which He wills.) (2. O you who believe! Violate not
the sanctity of the symbols of Allah, nor of the Sacred Month, nor of
the Hady brought for sacrifice, nor the garlands, nor the people coming
to the Sacred House (Makkah), seeking the bounty and good pleasure of
their Lord. But when you finish the Ihram, then hunt, and let not the
hatred of some people in (once) stopping you from Al-Masjid Al-Haram (at
Makkah) lead you to transgression. Help you one another in Al-Birr and
At-Taqwa, but do not help one another in sin and transgression. And have
Taqwa of Allah. Verily, Allah is severe in punishment.) Ibn Abi Hatim
recorded that a man came to `Abdullah bin Mas`ud and said to him,
"Advise me.'' He said, "When you hear Allah's statement,
﴿ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ ﴾
(O
you who believe!) Then pay full attention, for it is a righteous matter
that He is ordaining or an evil thing that He is forbidding.''
Khaythamah said, "Everything in the Qur'an that reads,
﴿ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ ﴾
(O you who believe!) reads in the Tawrah, `O you who are in need.''' Allah said,
﴿ أَوۡفُواْ بِٱلۡعُقُودِۚ ﴾
(Fulfill
(your) obligations.) Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and others said that
`obligations' here means treaties. Ibn Jarir mentioned that there is a
consensus for this view. Ibn Jarir also said that it means treaties,
such as the alliances that they used to conduct. `Ali bin Abi Talhah
reported that Ibn `Abbas commented:
﴿ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَوۡفُواْ بِٱلۡعُقُودِۚ ﴾
(O
you who believe! Fulfill (your) obligations.) "Refers to the covenants,
meaning, what Allah permitted, prohibited, ordained and set limits for
in the Qur'an. Therefore, do not commit treachery or break the
covenants. Allah emphasized this command when He said,
﴿ وَٱلَّذِينَ يَنقُضُونَ عَهۡدَ ٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مِيثَـٰقِهِۦ وَيَقۡطَعُونَ مَآ أَمَرَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦۤ أَن يُوصَلَ ﴾
(And
those who break the covenant of Allah, after its ratification, and
sever that which Allah has commanded to be joined,) until,
﴿ سُوٓءُ ٱلدَّارِ ﴾
(unhappy (evil) home (i.e. Hell).)'' Ad-Dahhak said that,
﴿ أَوۡفُواْ بِٱلۡعُقُودِۚ ﴾
(Fulfill
your obligations.) "Refers to what Allah has permitted and what He has
prohibited. Allah has taken the covenant from those who proclaim their
faith in the Prophet and the Book to fulfill the obligations that He has
ordered for them in the permissible and the impermissible.''
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